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Exercise SBP response and incident depressive symptoms: The Maastricht Study
- Source :
- Journal of Hypertension, 39(3), 494-502. LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
- Publication Year :
- 2021
-
Abstract
- Objective : An exaggerated exercise SBP, which is potentially modifiable, may be associated with incident depressive symptoms via an increased pulsatile pressure load on the brain. However, the association between exaggerated exercise SBP and incident depressive symptoms is unknown. Therefore, we examined whether exaggerated exercise SBP is associated with a higher risk of depressive symptoms over time. Methods : We used longitudinal data from the population-based Maastricht Study, with only individuals free of depressive symptoms at baseline included (n = 2121; 51.3% men; age 59.5 +/- 8.5 years). Exercise SBP was measured at baseline with a submaximal exercise cycle test. We calculated a composite score of exercise SBP based on four standardized exercise SBP measures: SBP at moderate workload, SBP at peak exercise, SBP change per minute during exercise and SBP 4 min after exercise. Clinically relevant depressive symptoms were determined annually at follow-up and defined as a Patient Health Questionnaire score of at least 10. Results : After a mean follow-up of 3.9 years, 175 participants (8.3%) had incident clinically relevant depressive symptoms. A 1 SD higher exercise SBP composite score was associated with a higher incidence of clinically relevant depressive symptoms [hazard ratio: 1.27 (95% confidence interval: 1.04-1.54)]. Results were adjusted for age, sex, education level, glucose metabolism status, lifestyle, cardiovascular risk factors, resting SBP and cardiorespiratory fitness. Conclusion : A higher exercise SBP response is associated with a higher incidence of clinically relevant depressive symptoms.
- Subjects :
- Male
medicine.medical_specialty
Physiology
Population
030204 cardiovascular system & hematology
03 medical and health sciences
0302 clinical medicine
Risk Factors
Internal medicine
Internal Medicine
medicine
Humans
cardiovascular diseases
030212 general & internal medicine
education
Depression (differential diagnoses)
education.field_of_study
exercise
business.industry
Incidence (epidemiology)
screening
Hazard ratio
blood pressure
Cardiorespiratory fitness
Middle Aged
Confidence interval
Patient Health Questionnaire
Blood pressure
Cardiorespiratory Fitness
depression
Exercise Test
Female
prognosis
Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine
business
circulatory and respiratory physiology
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 02636352
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Journal of Hypertension, 39(3), 494-502. LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....ec4d8cdef2e9439ab1cf12e1be4a75fc