Reports of 2 Rare Associations of Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome

This report describes 2 contrasting yet rare associations of hypoplastic left heart syndrome, 1 in a patient with pulmonary valve stenosis that was successfully surgically palliated and the other in a patient with an intact atrial septum and stenotic bilateral levoatriocardinal veins who was offered comfort care. These cases underscore the point that although both infants were born with hypoplastic left heart syndrome, the outcomes can dramatically differ as a result of anatomic and physiological variables. (Level of Difficulty: Advanced.)
Graphical abstract
This report describes 2 contrasting yet rare associations of hypoplastic left heart syndrome, 1 in a patient with pulmonary valve stenosis that was…