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TLR4 signaling is involved in the protective effect of propofol in BV2 microglia against OGD/reoxygenation
- Source :
- Journal of physiology and biochemistry. 69(4)
- Publication Year :
- 2012
-
Abstract
- Propofol exhibits neuroprotective effects against hypoxic-ischemic brain injury, but the underlying mechanisms are still not clear. Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) plays a considerable role in the induction of innate immune and inflammatory responses. The purposes of this study are to investigate the effect of propofol on the oxygen and glucose deprivation (OGD)/reoxygenation (OGD/R) BV2 microglia and to explore the role of TLR4/myeloid differentiation protein 88 (MyD88)/nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) pathway in the neuroprotective effects of propofol. BV2 microglia were placed into an airtight chamber and in glucose-free medium for OGD/reoxygenation. Cell viability was determined by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazoliumbromide assay. TLR4 and its downstream signaling molecules, MyD88 and NF-κB expressions were detected by Western blotting. Level of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) in culture medium was determined with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. BV2 microglia apoptosis was determined by flow cytometry. We found that pretreatment with propofol significantly alleviated the hypoxic injury in BV2 microglia. Propofol inhibited upregulation of TLR4, MyD88, and NF-κB expressions in BV2 microglia exposed to OGD/reoxygenation. Propofol pretreatment also significantly reduced the production of TNF-α and apoptosis in OGD/reoxygenation BV2 microglia. The results indicated that TLR4 and its downstream MyD88-dependent signaling pathway contributed to neuroprotection of propofol to microglia exposed to OGD/reoxygenation.
- Subjects :
- Physiology
Cell Survival
Apoptosis
Pharmacology
Biochemistry
Neuroprotection
Cell Line
Mice
Downregulation and upregulation
medicine
Animals
Viability assay
Propofol
Microglia
business.industry
Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha
NF-kappa B
General Medicine
Cell Hypoxia
Oxygen
Toll-Like Receptor 4
medicine.anatomical_structure
Glucose
Neuroprotective Agents
nervous system
Gene Expression Regulation
Immunology
Myeloid Differentiation Factor 88
TLR4
Tumor necrosis factor alpha
Signal transduction
business
Signal Transduction
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 18778755
- Volume :
- 69
- Issue :
- 4
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Journal of physiology and biochemistry
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....ecaccb492297847aaaa33b3c1ec8a7fe