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Red Blood Cell Morphodynamics: A New Potential Marker in High-Risk Patients
- Source :
- Frontiers in Physiology, Frontiers in Physiology, Vol 11 (2021)
- Publication Year :
- 2020
-
Abstract
- In the last years, a substantial contribution of red blood cells (RBCs) in cardiovascular homeostasis has been evidenced, as these cells are able to regulate cardiovascular function by the export of adenosine triphosphate and nitric oxide as well as to maintain redox balance through a well-developed antioxidant system. Recently a link between high-risk plaque (HRP) features and myocardial ischemia, in the absence of severe lumen stenosis, has been evidenced. Nonobstructive coronary artery disease (nonob CAD) has been associated in fact with a greater 1-year risk of myocardial infarction and all-cause mortality compared with no apparent CAD. This new evidence increases interest in searching new triggers to identify these high-risk patients, in the absence/or on top of traditional hazard markers. In this study, we investigated the existence of any association between RBC morphodynamics and HRP features in individuals with different grades of coronary stenosis detected by coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA). Ninety-one consecutive individuals who underwent CCTA [33 no CAD; 26 nonobstructive (nonob), and 32 obstructive (ob) CAD] were enrolled. RBC morphodynamic features, i.e., RBC aggregability and deformability, were analyzed by means of Laser Assisted Optical Rotation Cell Analyzer (LoRRca MaxSis). The putative global RBC morphodynamic (RMD) score and the related risk chart, associating the extent of HRP (e.g., the non-calcified plaque volume) with both the RMD score and the max % stenosis were computed. In nonob CAD group only positive correlations between RBC rigidity, osmotic fragility or aggregability and HRP features (plaque necrotic core, fibro-fatty and fibro-fatty plus necrotic core plaque volumes) were highlighted. Interestingly, in this patient cohort three of these RBC morphodynamic features result to be independent predictors of the presence of non-calcified plaque volume in this patients group. The risk chart created shows that only in nonob CAD plaque vulnerability increases according to the score quartile. Findings of this work, by evidencing the association between erythrocyte morphodynamic characteristics assessed by LoRRca and plaque instability in a high-risk cohort of nonob CAD, suggest the use of these blood cell features in the identification of high-risk patients, in the absence of severe coronary stenosis.
- Subjects :
- 0301 basic medicine
medicine.medical_specialty
Physiology
Lumen (anatomy)
030204 cardiovascular system & hematology
Erythrocyte aggregation
lcsh:Physiology
Coronary artery disease
03 medical and health sciences
0302 clinical medicine
Physiology (medical)
Internal medicine
medicine
Erythrocyte deformability
Myocardial infarction
Original Research
lcsh:QP1-981
Receiver operating characteristic
business.industry
Erythrocyte fragility
high-risk plaque
medicine.disease
Stenosis
030104 developmental biology
risk chart
Cardiology
coronary computed tomography angiography
business
red blood cell morphodynamics
non-obstructive coronary artery disease
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 1664042X
- Volume :
- 11
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Frontiers in physiology
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....ed1b6e83f1b62a0b8f69347b983a5d34