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Audiological and otologic manifestations of glutaric aciduria type I

Authors :
Yen-Chi Chen
Chii-Yuan Huang
Sheng-Kai Chang
Po-Hsiung Chang
Hsiu-Lien Cheng
Chia-Hung Wu
Yen-Ting Lee
Yen-Fu Cheng
Dau-Ming Niu
Source :
Orphanet Journal of Rare Diseases, Vol 15, Iss 1, Pp 1-10 (2020), Orphanet Journal of Rare Diseases
Publication Year :
2020
Publisher :
BMC, 2020.

Abstract

Background Glutaric aciduria type 1 (GA-1) is a rare disease connected with speech delay and neurological deficits. However, the audiological and otologic profiles of GA-1 have not yet been fully characterized. To our knowledge, this is the largest study of comprehensive audiological and otologic evaluation in patients with GA-1 to date. Methods Thirteen patients diagnosed with GA-1 between January 1994 and December 2019 with audiological, radiological and genetic manifestations were retrospectively analyzed. Hearing tests were performed in all patients. MRI was performed for radiological evaluation. Results Hearing loss was found in 76.9% (10/13) of GA-1 patients, including slight hearing loss in 46.1% (6/13) of patients, mild hearing loss in 15.4% (2/13) of patients, and moderate hearing loss in 7.7% (1/13) of patients. Normal hearing thresholds were seen in 23% (3/13) of patients. Patients with intensive care unit (ICU) admission history showed significantly worse hearing than those without (29.17 ± 12.47 vs 13.56 ± 3.93 dB HL, 95% CI 2.92–24.70, p = 0.0176). One patient had moderate sensorineural hearing loss and a past history of acute encephalopathic crisis. No usual causative gene mutations associated with hearing loss were found in these patients. MRI showed a normal vestibulocochlear apparatus and cochlear nerve. One patient with extensive injury of the basal ganglia on MRI after acute encephalopathic crisis was found to have moderate sensorineural hearing loss. Two patients with disability scores above 5 were found to have mild to moderate hearing impairment. No obvious correlation between macrocephaly and hearing loss was found. Conclusion A high prevalence of hearing impairment is found in GA-1 patients. Adequate audiological evaluation is essential for these patients, especially for those after encephalopathic crises or with ICU admission history.

Details

Language :
English
ISSN :
17501172
Volume :
15
Issue :
1
Database :
OpenAIRE
Journal :
Orphanet Journal of Rare Diseases
Accession number :
edsair.doi.dedup.....eefa408314c86bb5b63e46aa6b478f64