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Genetic and antigenic evolution of H9N2 avian influenza viruses circulating in Egypt between 2011 and 2013
- Source :
- Archives of Virology. 159:2861-2876
- Publication Year :
- 2014
- Publisher :
- Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2014.
-
Abstract
- Avian influenza virus subtype H9N2 has been circulating in the Middle East since the 1990s. For uncertain reasons, H9N2 was not detected in Egyptian farms until the end of 2010. Circulation of H9N2 viruses in Egyptian poultry in the presence of the enzootic highly pathogenic H5N1 subtype adds a huge risk factor to the Egyptian poultry industry. In this study, 22 H9N2 viruses collected from 2011 to 2013 in Egypt were isolated and sequenced. The genomic signatures and protein sequences of these isolates were analyzed. Multiple mammalian-host-associated mutations were detected that favor transmission from avian to mammalian hosts. Other mutations related to virulence were also identified. Phylogenetic data showed that Egyptian H9N2 viruses were closely related to viruses isolated from neighboring Middle Eastern countries, and their HA gene resembled those of viruses of the G1-like lineage. No reassortment was detected with H5N1 subtypes. Serological analysis of H9N2 virus revealed antigenic conservation among Egyptian isolates. Accordingly, continuous surveillance that results in genetic and antigenic characterization of H9N2 in Egypt is warranted.
- Subjects :
- animal diseases
viruses
Molecular Sequence Data
Reassortment
Biology
medicine.disease_cause
H5N1 genetic structure
Article
Poultry
Virus
Evolution, Molecular
Viral Proteins
Virology
Evolution of influenza
Influenza A Virus, H9N2 Subtype
Influenza A virus
medicine
Animals
Amino Acid Sequence
Antigens, Viral
Phylogeny
Poultry Diseases
Genetics
food and beverages
virus diseases
Antigenic shift
General Medicine
humanities
Influenza A virus subtype H5N1
Influenza in Birds
Enzootic
Egypt
Sequence Alignment
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 14328798 and 03048608
- Volume :
- 159
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Archives of Virology
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....ef5fb6a43f8e9b0c5c9f0ba1f22349fd