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Autophagy, autophagy-associated adaptive immune responses and its role in hematologic malignancies
- Source :
- Oncotarget
- Publication Year :
- 2016
- Publisher :
- Impact Journals LLC, 2016.
-
Abstract
- Autophagy is a tightly regulated catabolic process that leads to the degradation of cytoplasmatic components such as aggregated/misfolded proteins and organelles through the lysosomal machinery. Recent studies suggest that autophagy plays such a role in the context of the anti-tumor immune response, make it an attractive target for cancer immunotherapy. Defective autophagy in hematopoietic stem cells may contribute to the development of hematologic malignancies, including leukemia, myelodysplastic syndrome, and lymphoproliferative disorder. In blood cancer cells, autophagy can either result in chemoresistance or induce autophagic cell death that may act as immunogenic. Based on the successful experimental findings in vitro and in vivo, clinical trials of autophagy inhibitor such as hydroxychloroquine in combination with chemotherapy in patients with blood cancers are currently underway. However, autophagy inactivation might impair autophagy-triggered anticancer immunity, whereas induction of autophagy might become an effective immunotherapy. These aspects are discussed in this review together with a brief introduction to the autophagic molecular machinery and its roles in hematologic malignancies.
- Subjects :
- 0301 basic medicine
Programmed cell death
autophagy
medicine.medical_treatment
Context (language use)
Review
Biology
Adaptive Immunity
03 medical and health sciences
Immune system
Cancer immunotherapy
Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols
medicine
Humans
adaptive immune
Molecular Targeted Therapy
cancer immunotherapy
Autophagy
Models, Immunological
Immunotherapy
Acquired immune system
030104 developmental biology
Oncology
Hematologic Neoplasms
Immunology
Neoplastic Stem Cells
hematologic malignancy
Stem cell
immune
Signal Transduction
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 19492553
- Volume :
- 8
- Issue :
- 7
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Oncotarget
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....efc5016ced7c19ba37ebe9c5e11d175b