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The Role of Executive Functions in the Development of Empathy and Its Association with Externalizing Behaviors in Children with Neurodevelopmental Disorders and Other Psychiatric Comorbidities
- Source :
- Brain Sciences, Vol 10, Iss 489, p 489 (2020), Brain Sciences, Volume 10, Issue 8
- Publication Year :
- 2020
- Publisher :
- MDPI AG, 2020.
-
Abstract
- Executive functions have been previously shown to correlate with empathic attitudes and prosocial behaviors. People with higher levels of executive functions, as a whole, may better regulate their emotions and reduce perceived distress during the empathetic processes. Our goal was to explore the relationship between empathy and executive functioning in a sample of children and adolescents diagnosed with Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorder alone or associated with comorbid Disruptive Behavior Disorders and/or Autism Spectrum Disorder. We also aimed to examine the role of empathic dimensions and executive skills in regulating externalizing behaviors. The 151 participants with ADHD were assigned to four groups according to their psychiatric comorbidity (either &ldquo<br />pure&rdquo<br />or with ASD and/or ODD/CD) and assessed by means of either parent- or self-reported questionnaires, namely the BRIEF&minus<br />2, the BES, and the IRI. No questionnaire was found to discriminate between the four groups. Affective Empathy was found to positively correlate with Emotional and Behavioral Regulation competences. Furthermore, Aggressiveness and Oppositional Defiant Problems were positively associated with Executive Emotional and Behavioral Regulation competences. On the other hand, Rule-Breaking Behaviors and Conduct Problems were negatively associated with Affective Empathy and with Behavioral skills. Our study provides an additional contribution for a better understanding of the complex relationship between empathic competence and executive functions, showing that executive functioning and empathic attitudes interact with each other to regulate aggressive behaviors. This study further corroborates developmental models of empathy and their clinical implications, for which externalizing behaviors could be attenuated by enhancing executive functioning skills.
- Subjects :
- medicine.medical_treatment
media_common.quotation_subject
autism spectrum disorder
Empathy
Article
lcsh:RC321-571
03 medical and health sciences
0302 clinical medicine
Social cognition
medicine
0501 psychology and cognitive sciences
empathy
attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder
lcsh:Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry
media_common
General Neuroscience
05 social sciences
executive functions
medicine.disease
Executive functions
Cognitive behavioral therapy
Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function
Prosocial behavior
disruptive behavior disorders
Autism spectrum disorder
Autism
Psychology
disruptive behavior disorder
030217 neurology & neurosurgery
050104 developmental & child psychology
Clinical psychology
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 20763425
- Volume :
- 10
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Brain Sciences
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....f12139e6a12ffd78d94e117ef0b709be