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A Comparative Study on Processed Panax ginseng Products Using HR-MAS NMR-Based Metabolomics

Authors :
Nam-In Baek
Dahye Yoon
Suhkmann Kim
Dae Young Lee
Young-Seob Lee
Woo Cheol Shin
Source :
Molecules, Molecules, Vol 25, Iss 6, p 1390 (2020)
Publication Year :
2020
Publisher :
MDPI, 2020.

Abstract

Panax ginseng is processed to diversify efficacy. Four processed ginsengs containing white ginseng (WG), tae-geuk ginseng (TG), red ginseng (RG), and black ginseng (BG) were analyzed using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy for screening overall primary metabolites. There were significant differences in the sugar content among these four processed ginseng products. WG had a high sucrose content, TG had a high maltose content, and BG had high fructose and glucose content. In the multivariate analyses of NMR spectra, the PCA score plot showed significant discrimination between the four processed ginsengs. For effective clustering, orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analyses (OPLS-DA) with a 1:1 comparison were conducted and all OPLS models were validated using the permutation test, the root mean square error of estimation (RMSEE), and the root mean square error of prediction (RMSEP). All OPLS-DA score plots showed clear separations of processed ginseng products, and sugars such as sucrose and fructose mainly contributed to these separations.

Details

Language :
English
ISSN :
14203049
Volume :
25
Issue :
6
Database :
OpenAIRE
Journal :
Molecules
Accession number :
edsair.doi.dedup.....f155dd201a45acdd21465921a84f6a58