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Dynamic, but Not Necessarily Disordered, Human-Virus Interactions Mediated through SLiMs in Viral Proteins
- Source :
- Viruses, Viruses, Vol 13, Iss 2369, p 2369 (2021)
- Publication Year :
- 2021
- Publisher :
- MDPI, 2021.
-
Abstract
- Most viruses have small genomes that encode proteins needed to perform essential enzymatic functions. Across virus families, primary enzyme functions are under functional constraint; however, secondary functions mediated by exposed protein surfaces that promote interactions with the host proteins may be less constrained. Viruses often form transient interactions with host proteins through conformationally flexible interfaces. Exposed flexible amino acid residues are known to evolve rapidly suggesting that secondary functions may generate diverse interaction potentials between viruses within the same viral family. One mechanism of interaction is viral mimicry through short linear motifs (SLiMs) that act as functional signatures in host proteins. Viral SLiMs display specific patterns of adjacent amino acids that resemble their host SLiMs and may occur by chance numerous times in viral proteins due to mutational and selective processes. Through mimicry of SLiMs in the host cell proteome, viruses can interfere with the protein interaction network of the host and utilize the host-cell machinery to their benefit. The overlap between rapidly evolving protein regions and the location of functionally critical SLiMs suggest that these motifs and their functional potential may be rapidly rewired causing variation in pathogenicity, infectivity, and virulence of related viruses. The following review provides an overview of known viral SLiMs with select examples of their role in the life cycle of a virus, and a discussion of the structural properties of experimentally validated SLiMs highlighting that a large portion of known viral SLiMs are devoid of predicted intrinsic disorder based on the viral SLiMs from the ELM database.
- Subjects :
- Proteome
viruses
Amino Acid Motifs
viral-host protein interaction
Virulence
Computational biology
Review
Biology
Microbiology
Genome
Virus
Viral Proteins
Interaction network
Virology
Humans
Short linear motif
Protein Interaction Maps
Databases, Protein
Virus classification
intrinsically disordered protein regions
the ELM database
short eukaryotic linear motifs
QR1-502
SLiMs
Intrinsically Disordered Proteins
Infectious Diseases
Host-Pathogen Interactions
Viruses
Human Virus
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 19994915
- Volume :
- 13
- Issue :
- 12
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Viruses
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....f1b1db56662eedfea79b4ae1fdb6df5a