Back to Search
Start Over
Sexual dimorphism of cardiometabolic dysfunction: Gut microbiome in the play?
- Source :
- Molecular Metabolism, Molecular Metabolism, Vol 15, Iss, Pp 70-81 (2018)
- Publication Year :
- 2018
- Publisher :
- Elsevier BV, 2018.
-
Abstract
- Background: Sex is one of the most powerful modifiers of disease development. Clear sexual dimorphism exists in cardiometabolic health susceptibility, likely due to differences in sex steroid hormones. Changes in the gut microbiome have been linked with the development of obesity, type 2 diabetes, and atherosclerosis; however, the impact of microbes in sex-biased cardiometabolic disorders remains unclear. The gut microbiome is critical for maintaining a normal estrous cycle, testosterone levels, and reproductive function. Gut microbes modulate the enterohepatic recirculation of estrogens and androgens, affecting local and systemic levels of sex steroid hormones. Gut bacteria can also generate androgens from glucocorticoids. Scope of review: This review summarizes current knowledge of the complex interplay between sexual dimorphism in cardiometabolic disease and the gut microbiome. Major conclusions: Emerging evidence suggests the role of gut microbiome as a modifier of disease susceptibility due to sex; however, the impact on cardiometabolic disease in this complex interplay is lacking. Elucidating the role of gut microbiome on sex-biased susceptibility in cardiometabolic disease is of high relevance to public health given its high prevalence and significant financial burden. Keywords: Sex differences, Steroids, Gut microbiota, Metabolic disease, Cardiovascular disease
- Subjects :
- 0301 basic medicine
ER, estrogen receptor
FCG, four core genotypes
Metabolic disease
Physiology
Review
Disease
Type 2 diabetes
E2, estradiol
Gut flora
HDL-c, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol
SHP, small heterodimer partner
0302 clinical medicine
GPR30, G protein-coupled receptor 30
Gonadal Steroid Hormones
Testosterone
ApoE, apolipoprotein E
Metabolic Syndrome
E3, estriol
Sex Characteristics
TMA, trimethylamine
High prevalence
IBD, inflammatory bowel disease
biology
LDL-c, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol
Cardiovascular disease
GI, gastrointestinal
E1, estrone
CVD, cardiovascular diseases
3. Good health
Cardiovascular Diseases
Steroids
ZO-1, zonula occludens
T1D, type 1 diabetes
NOD, non-obese diabetic
MUC2, mucin-2
lcsh:Internal medicine
IBS, irritable bowel syndrome
T2D, type 2 diabetes
Gut microbiota
03 medical and health sciences
FXR, farnesoid X receptor
TUDCA, tauroursodeoxycholic acid
Sex differences
medicine
Animals
Humans
lcsh:RC31-1245
Molecular Biology
Myocardium
BAs, bile acids
TLR4, Toll-like receptor 4
Cell Biology
medicine.disease
biology.organism_classification
Obesity
Gut microbiome
Gastrointestinal Microbiome
Sexual dimorphism
030104 developmental biology
FMO3, flavin monooxygenases 3
LPS, lipopolysaccharides
030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 22128778
- Volume :
- 15
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Molecular Metabolism
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....f26b129281e97360a1e8ea4806d3c7e1