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Schizophrenia and the retina: Towards a 2020 perspective
- Source :
- Schizophr Res
- Publication Year :
- 2020
- Publisher :
- Elsevier BV, 2020.
-
Abstract
- Background Differences between people with schizophrenia and psychiatrically healthy controls have been consistently demonstrated on measures of retinal function such as electroretinography (ERG), and measures of retinal structure such as optical coherence tomography (OCT). Since our 2015 review of this literature, multiple new studies have been published using these techniques. At the same time, the accumulation of data has highlighted the “fault lines” in these fields, suggesting methodological considerations that need greater attention in future studies. Methods We reviewed studies of ERG and OCT in schizophrenia, as well as data from studies whose findings are relevant to interpreting these papers, such as those on effects of the following on ERG and OCT data: comorbid medical conditions that are over-represented in schizophrenia, smoking, antipsychotic medication, substance abuse, sex and gender, obesity, attention, motivation, and influences of brain activity on retinal function. Results Recent ERG and OCT studies continue to support the hypothesis of retinal structural and functional abnormalities in schizophrenia, and suggest that these are relevant to understanding broader aspects of pathophysiology, neurodevelopment, and neurodegeneration in this disorder. However, there are differences in findings which suggest that the effects of multiple variables on ERG and OCT data need further clarification. Conclusions The retina, as the only component of the CNS that can be imaged directly in live humans, has potential to clarify important aspects of schizophrenia. With greater attention to specific methodological issues, the true potential of ERG and OCT as biomarkers for important clinical phenomena in schizophrenia should become apparent.
- Subjects :
- genetic structures
Brain activity and meditation
medicine.medical_treatment
Article
Retina
03 medical and health sciences
chemistry.chemical_compound
0302 clinical medicine
Electroretinography
medicine
Humans
Antipsychotic
Biological Psychiatry
medicine.diagnostic_test
business.industry
Retinal
medicine.disease
eye diseases
030227 psychiatry
Substance abuse
Psychiatry and Mental health
medicine.anatomical_structure
chemistry
Schizophrenia
sense organs
business
Neuroscience
Erg
Tomography, Optical Coherence
030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 09209964
- Volume :
- 219
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Schizophrenia Research
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....f2716c0b5849fdd383e48613b5b954d5