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Methylation-Based Therapies for Colorectal Cancer
- Source :
- Cells, Vol 9, Iss 1540, p 1540 (2020), Cells
- Publication Year :
- 2020
- Publisher :
- MDPI AG, 2020.
-
Abstract
- Colorectal carcinogenesis (CRC) is caused by the gradual long-term accumulation of both genetic and epigenetic changes. Recently, epigenetic alterations have been included in the classification of the CRC molecular subtype, and this points out their prognostic impact. As epigenetic modifications are reversible, they may represent relevant therapeutic targets. DNA methylation, catalyzed by DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs), regulates gene expression. For many years, the deregulation of DNA methylation has been considered to play a substantial part in CRC etiology and evolution. Despite considerable advances in CRC treatment, patient therapy response persists as limited, and their profit from systemic therapies are often hampered by the introduction of chemoresistance. In addition, inter-individual changes in therapy response in CRC patients can arise from their specific (epi)genetic compositions. In this review article, we summarize the options of CRC treatment based on DNA methylation status for their predictive value. This review also includes the therapy outcomes based on the patient’s methylation status in CRC patients. In addition, the current challenge of research is to develop therapeutic inhibitors of DNMT. Based on the essential role of DNA methylation in CRC development, the application of DNMT inhibitors was recently proposed for the treatment of CRC patients, especially in patients with DNA hypermethylation.
- Subjects :
- Methyltransferase
Colorectal cancer
colorectal cancer
Review
chemistry.chemical_compound
Gene expression
medicine
Humans
Epigenetics
lcsh:QH301-705.5
therapy
business.industry
General Medicine
Methylation
DNA Methylation
medicine.disease
digestive system diseases
Review article
DNMT inhibitors
chemistry
lcsh:Biology (General)
DNA methylation
Cancer research
methylation
Colorectal Neoplasms
business
DNA
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 20734409
- Volume :
- 9
- Issue :
- 1540
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Cells
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....f2c52a98dcf0548c4dc21d600f761d0d