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Hydraulic fracturing flowback chemical composition diversity as a factor determining possibilities of its management
- Source :
- Environmental Science and Pollution Research. 29:16152-16175
- Publication Year :
- 2021
- Publisher :
- Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2021.
-
Abstract
- The chemical characteristic of flowback fluid from hydraulic fracturing for shale gas exploration/production in various localizations is presented. The results of statistical analysis have shown that variability in the chemical composition of these fluids is statistically significant and depends on the time difference between fracturing process and flowback sampling as well as sampling spot within the installation for flowback collection. Parameters which depend on sampling schedule (time and spot of sampling) are as follows: electrical conductivity and concentration of ammonia, boron, barium, calcium, lithium, sodium, magnesium, manganese, sodium, strontium, silicate, bromide, and chloride. Independent parameters are pH, total organic carbon (TOC), concentration of potassium, and iron. The ranges of the values of the characteristic parameters were determined, taking into account the representativeness of the samples, supported by statistical tests. The methods for the reuse of flowback fluids in terms of chemical composition are presented.
- Subjects :
- Strontium
Hydraulic Fracking
Magnesium
Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis
chemistry.chemical_element
Sampling (statistics)
Barium
Soil science
General Medicine
Natural Gas
Wastewater
Pollution
Chloride
Hydraulic fracturing
chemistry
medicine
Environmental Chemistry
Environmental science
Boron
Chemical composition
Water Pollutants, Chemical
medicine.drug
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 16147499 and 09441344
- Volume :
- 29
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Environmental Science and Pollution Research
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....f7b897f52a9c241971bd7a9d0120f99d