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Ready or Not: Microbial Adaptive Responses in Dynamic Symbiosis Environments
- Publication Year :
- 2017
- Publisher :
- American Society for Microbiology, 2017.
-
Abstract
- In mutually beneficial and pathogenic symbiotic associations, microbes must adapt to the host environment for optimal fitness. Both within an individual host and during transmission between hosts, microbes are exposed to temporal and spatial variation in environmental conditions. The phenomenon of phenotypic variation, in which different subpopulations of cells express distinctive and potentially adaptive characteristics, can contribute to microbial adaptation to a lifestyle that includes rapidly changing environments. The environments experienced by a symbiotic microbe during its life history can be erratic or predictable, and each can impact the evolution of adaptive responses. In particular, the predictability of a rhythmic or cyclical series of environments may promote the evolution of signal transduction cascades that allow preadaptive responses to environments that are likely to be encountered in the future, a phenomenon known as adaptive prediction. In this review, we summarize environmental variations known to occur in some well-studied models of symbiosis and how these may contribute to the evolution of microbial population heterogeneity and anticipatory behavior. We provide details about the symbiosis betweenXenorhabdusbacteria andSteinernemanematodes as a model to investigate the concept of environmental adaptation and adaptive prediction in a microbial symbiosis.
- Subjects :
- 0301 basic medicine
biology
fungi
Adaptation, Biological
Xenorhabdus
Environmental adaptation
Adaptive response
biology.organism_classification
Microbiology
Meeting Review
Adaptation, Physiological
03 medical and health sciences
Rhabditida
030104 developmental biology
Symbiosis
Evolutionary biology
Population Heterogeneity
Animals
Adaptation
Life history
Molecular Biology
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....f8013ef9b2d84b6a61a171fbfc722f83