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Metastatic malignant melanoma with neuroendocrine differentiation: a case report and review of the literature
Metastatic malignant melanoma with neuroendocrine differentiation: a case report and review of the literature
- Source :
- Journal of Medical Case Reports, Journal of Medical Case Reports, Vol 14, Iss 1, Pp 1-7 (2020)
- Publication Year :
- 2019
-
Abstract
- Background Metastatic neuroendocrine carcinoma often presents as carcinoma of unknown primary. Although most cases display immunohistochemical positivity for neuroendocrine markers, subsets of cases display reduced or negative expression for some of these proteins. The identification of metastatic neuroendocrine carcinomas is even more complicated by the occurrence of unrelated tumor types with focal neuroendocrine differentiation. Case presentation Our patient was a 74-year-old man of Middle Eastern ethnicity. An initial biopsy of a soft tissue metastasis displayed a neuroendocrine profile indicative of a metastatic neuroendocrine carcinoma, positive for CD56 and synaptophysin, and focally for ISL LIM homeobox 1 and insulinoma-associated protein 1. The Ki-67 index was 50%. Chemotherapy was initiated, but our patient progressed. Scrapings from a pathological hip fracture 3 months later revealed focal synaptophysin immunoreactivity and widespread melanoma antigen, human melanoma black 45, and SOX10 positivity, which are indicative of metastatic malignant melanoma with focal neuroendocrine differentiation. Conclusions Malignant melanoma may display neuroendocrine differentiation, and the entity should be considered a rare differential diagnosis when assessing biopsies of suspected neuroendocrine carcinomas.
- Subjects :
- 0301 basic medicine
Male
Pathology
medicine.medical_specialty
Skin Neoplasms
Synaptophysin
lcsh:Medicine
Case Report
Neuroendocrine differentiation
Metastasis
Diagnosis, Differential
Carcinoma of unknown primary
03 medical and health sciences
0302 clinical medicine
Fatal Outcome
Biopsy
Carcinoma
medicine
Biomarkers, Tumor
Humans
Melanoma
Aged
biology
medicine.diagnostic_test
Malignant melanoma
business.industry
lcsh:R
Neoplasms, Second Primary
General Medicine
medicine.disease
Carcinoma, Neuroendocrine
HMB-45
030104 developmental biology
Neuroendocrine cancer
030220 oncology & carcinogenesis
biology.protein
Differential diagnosis
business
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 17521947
- Volume :
- 14
- Issue :
- 1
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Journal of medical case reports
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....f8fd1b1ea33ca7d10a391bbc4fa57b07