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High concentrations of middle ear antimicrobial peptides and proteins and proinflammatory cytokines are associated with detection of middle ear pathogens in children with recurrent acute otitis media
- Source :
- PLoS ONE, Vol 14, Iss 12, p e0227080 (2019), PLoS ONE
- Publication Year :
- 2019
- Publisher :
- Public Library of Science (PLoS), 2019.
-
Abstract
- Recurrent and chronic otitis media (OM) are often refractory to antibiotics due to bacterial persistence in biofilm within the middle ear. In vitro and in vivo studies have demonstrated that antimicrobial proteins and peptides (AMPs) are bactericidal against otopathogens, indicating potential therapeutic value for recalcitrant OM. We measured concentrations of 6 AMPs and 14 cytokines in middle ear effusion (MEE) from 67 children undergoing ventilation tube insertion for recurrent acute OM. Sixty one percent of children had bacterial otopathogens detected in their MEE, 39% by PCR and 22% by PCR and culture. Groups were defined as: PCR-negative/culture-negative (absence of bacterial otopathogen), n = 26; PCR-positive/culture-negative (presence of nonculturable bacterial otopathogen), n = 26; PCR-positive/culture-positive (presence of culturable bacterial otopathogen), n = 15. Age, antibiotic usage, day-care attendance, presence of respiratory viruses in MEE and number of AOM episodes were similar between groups. AMP and cytokine concentrations were higher in children with bacterial otopathogens in their MEE compared to those with no bacterial otopathogens. Median concentrations of AMPs (except HBD2) were 3 to 56-fold higher in MEE from children with bacterial otopathogens detected in their MEE (P ≤ 0.01). Similarly, median cytokine concentrations (except TGFβ) were >16-fold higher in MEE with bacterial otopathogens detected (P ≤ 0.001). This is the first study to measure AMPs in MEE and together with the cytokine data, results suggest that elevated AMPs and cytokines in MEE are a marker of inflammation and bacterial persistence. AMPs may play an important role in OM pathogenesis.
- Subjects :
- Male
0301 basic medicine
Physiology
medicine.medical_treatment
Antibiotics
Pathogenesis
Pathology and Laboratory Medicine
Cohort Studies
Families
0302 clinical medicine
Immune Physiology
Medicine and Health Sciences
030212 general & internal medicine
Respiratory system
Children
Innate Immune System
Multidisciplinary
Antimicrobials
Drugs
Bacterial Infections
Antimicrobial
Bacterial Pathogens
Cytokine
Medical Microbiology
Cytokines
Medicine
Female
Anatomy
Pathogens
Research Article
medicine.drug_class
Inflammatory Diseases
Science
Immunology
Antimicrobial peptides
Ear, Middle
Microbiology
Proinflammatory cytokine
03 medical and health sciences
stomatognathic system
In vivo
Microbial Control
medicine
Humans
Microbial Pathogens
Pharmacology
Bacteria
Otitis Media with Effusion
business.industry
Middle Ear
Infant
Biology and Life Sciences
Bacteriology
Molecular Development
stomatognathic diseases
030104 developmental biology
Ears
Age Groups
Immune System
Biofilms
Chronic Disease
People and Places
Population Groupings
Bacterial Biofilms
business
Head
Antimicrobial Cationic Peptides
Developmental Biology
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 19326203
- Volume :
- 14
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- PLOS ONE
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....f9af9188bb3fb6e90e8d825b03ca88ad