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Molecular monitoring of glioblastoma’s immunogenicity using a combination of Raman spectroscopy and chemometrics
- Source :
- Spectrochimica Acta Part A: Molecular and Biomolecular Spectroscopy. 252:119534
- Publication Year :
- 2021
- Publisher :
- Elsevier BV, 2021.
-
Abstract
- Raman spectroscopy (RS) has been used as a powerful diagnostic and non-invasive tool in cancer diagnosis as well as in discrimination of cancer and immune cells. In this study RS in combination with chemometrics was applied to cellular Raman spectral data to distinguish the phenotype of T-cells and monocytes after incubation with media conditioned by glioblastoma stem-cells (GSCs) showing different molecular background. For this purpose, genetic modulations of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) process and expression of immunomodulator CD73 were introduced. Principal component analysis of the Raman spectral data showed that T-cells and monocytes incubated with tumour-conditioned media (TCMs) of GSCs with inhibited EMT activator ZEB1 or CD73 formed distinct clusters compared to controls highlighting their differences. Further discriminatory analysis performed using linear discriminant analysis (LDA) and support vector machine classification (SVM), yielded sensitivities and specificities of over 70 and 67% respectively upon validation against an independent test set. Supporting those results, flow cytometric analysis was performed to test the influence of TCMs on cytokine profile of T-cells and monocytes. We found that ZEB1 and CD73 influence T-cell and monocyte phenotype and promote monocyte differentiation into a population of mixed pro- and anti-tumorigenic macrophages (MΦs) and dendritic cells (DCs) respectively. In conclusion, Raman spectroscopy in combination with chemometrics enabled tracking T-cells and monocytes.
- Subjects :
- Support Vector Machine
Population
02 engineering and technology
Spectrum Analysis, Raman
010402 general chemistry
01 natural sciences
Analytical Chemistry
Chemometrics
symbols.namesake
Immune system
medicine
Humans
education
Instrumentation
Spectroscopy
Principal Component Analysis
education.field_of_study
Chemistry
Monocyte
Immunogenicity
Discriminant Analysis
021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology
Phenotype
Molecular biology
Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics
0104 chemical sciences
medicine.anatomical_structure
Monocyte differentiation
symbols
Glioblastoma
0210 nano-technology
Raman spectroscopy
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 13861425
- Volume :
- 252
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Spectrochimica Acta Part A: Molecular and Biomolecular Spectroscopy
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....fa44932e6e3964b6a5df5987a5882be1