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Swimming reduces fatty acids-associated hypothalamic damage in mice
- Source :
- Repositório Institucional da USP (Biblioteca Digital da Produção Intelectual), Universidade de São Paulo (USP), instacron:USP
- Publication Year :
- 2019
-
Abstract
- The arcuate and the paraventricular and lateral hypothalamic nuclei, related to hunger and satiety control, are generally compromised by excess fatty acids. In this situation, fatty acids cause inflammation via TLR4 (toll like receptor 4) and the nuclei become less responsive to the hormones leptin and insulin, contributing to the development of obesity. In this work, these nuclei were analyzed in animals fed with high-fat diet and submitted to swimming without and with load for two months. For this, frontal sections of the hypothalamus were immunolabelled with GFAP (glial fibrillary acidic protein), synaptophysin, IL-6 (interleukin 6) and TLR4. Also, proteins extracted from the hypothalamus were analyzed using Western blotting (GFAP and synaptophysin), fluorometric analysis for caspases 3 and 7, and CBA (cytometric bead array) for Th1, Th2, and Th17 profiles. The high-fat diet significantly caused overweight and, in the hypothalamus, decreased synapses and increased astrocytic reactivity. The swimming with load, especially 80 % of the maximum load, reduced those consequences. The high-fat diet increased TLR4 in the arcuate nucleus and the swimming exercise with 80 % of the maximum load showed a tendency of reducing this expression. Swimming did not significantly influence the inflammatory or anti-inflammatory cytokines in the hypothalamus or in plasma. The high-fat diet in sedentary animals increased the expression of caspases 3 and 7 and swimming practice reduced this increment to levels compatible with animals fed on a normal diet. The set of results conclude that the impact of swimming on the damage caused in the hypothalamus by a high-fat diet is positive. The different aspects analyzed in here point to better cellular viability and conservation of the synapses in the hypothalamic nuclei of overweight animals that practiced swimming with a load.
- Subjects :
- 0301 basic medicine
Male
medicine.medical_specialty
Normal diet
medicine.medical_treatment
Hypothalamus
Synaptophysin
Diet, High-Fat
03 medical and health sciences
Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience
Mice
0302 clinical medicine
Arcuate nucleus
Internal medicine
Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein
medicine
Animals
Swimming
Neurons
biology
Glial fibrillary acidic protein
Interleukin-6
Insulin
Leptin
Overweight
SACIAÇÃO
Toll-Like Receptor 4
030104 developmental biology
Endocrinology
Caspases
biology.protein
030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Hormone
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 18736300
- Volume :
- 103
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Journal of chemical neuroanatomy
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....fac4525575434720edcf83165d8d45ee