Multiple plasma metals, genetic risk and serum C-reactive protein: A metal-metal and gene-metal interaction study

Background C-reactive protein (CRP) is a well-recognized biomarker of inflammation, which can be used as a predictor of cardiovascular disease. Evidence have suggested exposure to multiple metals/metalloids may affect immune system and give rise to cardiovascular disease. However, it is lack of study to comprehensively evaluate the association of multiple metals and CRP, the interactions between metals, and the gene-metal interaction in relation to CRP levels. Aims To explore the associations of multiple plasma metals with serum CRP, and to test the interactions between metals, and gene-metal interactions on the levels of serum CRP. Methods We included 2882 participants from the Dongfeng-Tongji cohort, China, and measured 23 plasma metals and serum CRP concentrations. The genetic risk score (GRS) was calculated based on 7 established CRP-associated variants. For metals which were associated with the levels of CRP, we further tested the interactions between metals on CRP, and analyzed the gene-metal interactions on CRP. Results The median level for CRP in the total population was 1.17 mg/L. After multivariable adjustment, plasma copper was positively associated with serum CRP (FDR
Highlights • We found that serum CRP was positively associated with plasma copper, and inversely associated with selenium. • The positive association of plasma copper with serum CRP appeared to be attenuated with high plasma zinc and selenium. • This is the first study that explored the potential gene-metal interactions in relation to CRP levels. • These novel findings may provide new insights to personalized prevention and interventions for inflammation.