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In vivo and in vitro Plasmodium falciparum resistance to chloroquine, amodiaquine and quinine in the Brazilian Amazon
- Source :
- ResearcherID, Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo, Vol 39, Iss 2, p 85 (1997)
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Abstract
- In order to study the chemoresistance of Plasmodium falciparum to commonly used antimalarial drugs in Brazil the authors have studied ten patients with falciparum malaria, acquired in the Brazilian Amazon region. Patients were submitted to in vivo study of drug sensitivity, after chemotherapy with either 4-aminoquinolines (chloroquine or amodiaquine) or quinine. Adequate drug absorption was confirmed by standard urine excretion tests for antimalarials. Eight patients could be followed up to 28 days. Among these in vivo resistance (R I and R II responses) was seen in all patients who received 4-amino-quinolines. One patient treated with quinine exhibited a R III response. Peripheral blood samples of the same patients were submitted to in vitro microtests for sensitivity to antimalarials. Out of nine successful tests, resistance to chloroquine and amodiaquine was found in 100% and resistance to quinine in 11.11% of isolates. Probit analysis of log dose-response was used to determine effective concentrations EC50, EC90 and EC99 to the studied drugs. Good correlation between in vivo and in vitro results was seen in six patients. The results emphasize high levels of P. falciparum resistance to 4- aminoquinolines and suggest an increase in resistance to quinine in the Brazilian Amazon region, reinforcing the need for continuous monitoring of drug sensitivity to adequate chemotherapy according to the most efficacious drug regimensResistência in vivo e in vitro do Plasmodium falciparum à cloroquina, amodiaquina e quinino na Amazônia Brasileira. Com o propósito de avaliar a resistência do Plasmodium falciparum às drogas antimaláricas, rotineiramente empregadas no Brasil, os autores acompanharam dez pacientes com malária falciparum adquirida na Amazônia brasileira. Os pacientes foram submetidos a estudo in vivo de sensibilidade a drogas, após tratamento com derivados 4-aminoquinoleínicos (cloroquina e amodiaquina) ou quinino. A absorção das drogas foi verificada através de testes padronizados de excreção urinária de antimaláricos. Oito pacientes puderam ser seguidos por 28 dias. Dentre eles detectou-se resistência in vivo (em nível de R I e R II) em todos os pacientes tratados com 4-aminoquinoleínas. Um paciente tratado com quinino exibiu padrão de resistência R III ao tratamento. Alíquotas de sangue periférico dos mesmos pacientes foram ainda submetidas a microtestes in vitro de sensibilidade a antimaláricos. Em nove microtestes houve desenvolvimento satisfatório de esquizontes. Destes detectou-se resistência in vitro à cloroquina e amodiaquina em 100% e ao quinino em 11,11% das amostras. Através da análise de probitos calcularam-se as concentrações de cloroquina, amodiaquina e quinino, capazes de inibir o crescimento in vitro de esquizontes (Cl50, Cl90 e Cl99). Em seis pacientes observou-se concordância entre os achados in vivo e in vitro. Os resultados ressaltam o alto grau de resistência do P. falciparum às 4-aminoquinoleínas e indicam um aumento na resistência do parasita ao quinino na Amazônia brasileira. Reitera-se, assim, a necessidade de monitoração contínua da sensibilidade a antimaláricos, com o intuito de recomendar esquemas mais eficazes na terapêutica da malária por P. falciparum
- Subjects :
- Drug
lcsh:Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine
lcsh:RC955-962
media_common.quotation_subject
Plasmodium falciparum
Resistance
Drug Resistance
Amodiaquine
Drug resistance
Pharmacology
Antimalarials
Chloroquine
In vivo
parasitic diseases
medicine
Animals
Humans
Chemotherapy
Malaria, Falciparum
media_common
Quinine
biology
business.industry
General Medicine
medicine.disease
biology.organism_classification
Malaria
Infectious Diseases
business
Brazil
Follow-Up Studies
medicine.drug
Subjects
Details
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- ResearcherID, Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo, Vol 39, Iss 2, p 85 (1997)
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....fcae71dbf517f2a920ccf01672422388