Interleukin-6 and Tumor Growth Factor-β are Risk Factors for Idiopathic Epistaxis

Objective: To evaluate the serum levels of interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, tumor growth factor (TGF)-beta, endothelin, and immunoglobulin (Ig)E in patients with idiopathic epistaxis, compared with healthy control individuals. Methods: Serum levels of IL-6, IL-8, TNF-alpha, TGF-beta, endothelin, and IgE were evaluated in 110 patients with idiopathic epistaxis and 100 healthy controls using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) technique. Results: Serum levels of IL-6 (P