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Involvement of apoptotic pathways in docosahexaenoic acid-induced benefit in prostate cancer: Pathway-focused gene expression analysis using RT2 Profile PCR Array System
- Source :
- Lipids in Health and Disease
- Publication Year :
- 2017
- Publisher :
- Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2017.
-
Abstract
- Background Present study aimed to better understand the potential apoptotic pathways that involved in docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)-induced apoptosis of prostate cancer cells. Methods Human prostate cancer DU145 cells were treated with different concentrations of fish oil, omega-3 PUFA (DHA, and Eicosapentaenoic acid, EPA), or omega-6 PUFA (Arachidonic acid, AA). Cell viability and apoptosis were evaluated by MTT assay and Hoechst staining. Pathway-focused gene expression profiling of DU145 cells was analyzed with the RT2 Profile PCR Array System. The results were verified by real time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). Results AA exposure showed no obvious effect on viability of DU145 cells. However, exposure with fish oil, EPA, or DHA for 24 h significantly affected cell viability. The growth inhibition of DHA was more pronounced than that of EPA and showed a time-dependent increase. DHA exposure caused typical apoptotic characteristics. Ten genes were more expressed, while 5 genes were less expressed following DHA exposure. RT-qPCR confirmed the time dependent effect of DHA on the expression of these differentially expressed genes. KEGG pathway analysis showed that DHA may induce the apoptosis of cancer cells preferentially through mediating P53, MAPK, TNF, PI3K/AKT, and NF-κB signaling pathways. Conclusion Our study demonstrated the beneficial action of DHA on human prostate carcinoma cell line DU145. The pro-apoptotic effect of DHA on DU145 cells may involve mediation various pathways, especially P53, MAPK, TNF, PI3K/AKT, and NF-κB signaling pathways. Molecular mechanisms of DHA on apoptosis of cancer cells still need to be further clarified. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12944-017-0442-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
- Subjects :
- Male
0301 basic medicine
Docosahexaenoic Acids
Cell Survival
Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism
Clinical Biochemistry
Apoptosis
Biology
Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction
Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases
03 medical and health sciences
0302 clinical medicine
Endocrinology
DU145
Cell Line, Tumor
Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)
Humans
Viability assay
Protein kinase B
PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway
DU145 cells
Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis
Prostate Cancer Pathway
Biochemistry, medical
Arachidonic Acid
Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha
Research
Gene Expression Profiling
Biochemistry (medical)
RT2 profile PCR array system
NF-kappa B
Prostate
food and beverages
Eicosapentaenoic acid
Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
030104 developmental biology
Eicosapentaenoic Acid
Biochemistry
Human prostate carcinoma cell
Docosahexaenoic acid
030220 oncology & carcinogenesis
Cancer cell
Cancer research
lipids (amino acids, peptides, and proteins)
Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases
Tumor Suppressor Protein p53
Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt
Signal Transduction
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 1476511X
- Volume :
- 16
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Lipids in Health and Disease
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....fe64657077b12afe4a675789886c936b