Fertilizing with native efficient microorganisms has a positive effect on the phenology, biomass and production of tomato (Lycopersicum esculentum Mill)

espanolEl objetivo de esta investigacion fue evaluar la influencia de microorganismos eficientes autoctonos (EMA) en el cultivo de Lycopersicum esculentum Milll (tomate) variedad “Rio Grande”. El experimento se realizo en San Gabriel, Apurimac, Peru. Los factores estudiados fueron dosis (12,5; 25 y 50 cc) y frecuencias de aplicacion (7, 14 y 21 dias); se utilizo un diseno de bloques completos al azar, con arreglo factorial de 3 x 3 + 1, con tres repeticiones. Se evaluaron: altura de planta, numero de flores, area foliar, numero de tallos, peso de la raiz y rendimiento en g/planta. Los resultados mostraron que la dosis de 25 cc de EMA aplicado cada 14 dias, contribuyo a una mayor altura (39 cm), mayor numero de flores (37 flores), mayor area foliar (24 cm2), el mayor numero de tallos por planta (5 tallos), el mayor peso de la raiz a la cosecha (59,67 g) y el mayor rendimiento (1713,69 g/planta). Ello sugiere que la aplicacion de biofertilizante puede ser una importante alternativa para fertilizar cultivos como el tomate, reduciendo el uso de fertilizantes de sintesis quimica e incrementar la produccion. EnglishThe objective of this research was to evaluate the influence of autochthonous efficient microorganisms (AEM) on the cultivation of Lycopersicum esculentum Milll (tomato) variety "Rio Grande". The experiment was conducted in San Gabriel, Apurimac, Peru. The factors studied were doses (12.5, 25 and 50 cc) and application frequencies (7, 14 and 21 days); a randomized complete block design was used, with a factorial arrangement of 3 x 3 + 1, with three repetitions. Plant height, number of flowers, leaf area, number of stems, root weight and yield in g/plant were evaluated. The results showed that the dose of 25 cc of AEM applied every 14 days, contributed to a higher height (39 cm), higher number of flowers (37 flowers), higher leaf area (24 cm2), higher number of stems per plant (5 stems), higher weight of the root at harvest (59.67 g) and higher yield (1713.69 g/plant). This suggests that the application of biofertilizer can be an important alternative to fertilize crops such as tomatoes, reducing the use of chemical synthesis fertilizers and increasing production.