Cushing's syndrome in pregnancy: a review of reported cases

Cushing's syndrome (CS) causes hypogonadotropic hypogonadism and anovulatory infertility due to hypercortisolism, and it is very rare in pregnancy. CS in pregnancy is associated with important maternal-foetal morbidity and mortality, such as preeclampsia and premature delivery. A systematic search was conducted in the MEDLINE library to retrieve articles reporting cases of CS in pregnant women, during the period between 2010 and 2020. Thirty-five reported cases are presented focusing on the ability of diagnosis, treatment therapies, and foetal outcomes. Diagnosis of CS during pregnancy can be challenging and is often delayed, adrenal adenoma being the predominant cause. Both medical treatment and surgery aiming at restoring the cortisol balance reduce maternal and foetal complications.