Extra??o e fracionamento de ?leo essencial de piper hispidinervum e produ??o de nanoemuls?o e nanoc?psulas : experimentos e modelagem

A pimenta-longa (Piper hispidinervum) ? um arbusto da fam?lia Piperaceae encontrada em grande quantidade no vale do rio Acre. Estudos com o ?leo essencial desta planta comprovam sua atividade amebicida diante do Acanthamoeba polyphaga, atividade nematicida frente ? Meloidogyne javanica e atividade carrapaticida frente a larvas de Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus. Apesar destas propriedades promissoras, a alta volatilidade, a baixa solubilidade em ?gua e a suscetibilidade ? degrada??o por agentes f?sicos e qu?micos podem comprometer a atividade biol?gica dos ?leos essenciais, fomentando assim o estudo sobre novas formas de aplica??o, encapsula??o e libera??o controlada, e de prote??o dos seus constituintes ativos. O objetivo geral deste trabalho ? realizar a extra??o e o fracionamento do extrato vol?til da Piper hispidinervum e a produ??o de nanoemuls?o e nanoencapsulas com posterior estudo de libera??o. A etapa extra??o por arraste a vapor concluiu que o efeito da varia??o da press?o de opera??o n?o variou significativamente o rendimento do processo e a composi??o do ?leo essencial e o fracionamento do ?leo essencial teve como resultado a obten??o de fra??es com diferentes composi??es dos compostos majorit?rios safrol e terpinoleno. As nanoemuls?es preparadas apresentaram uma boa estabilidade e as nanoc?psulas de policaprolactona contendo o OE de pimenta-longa obtiveram resultados satisfat?rios quanto ao ?ndice de polidispers?o, tamanho de part?cula e efici?ncia de encapsula??o. Os perfis de evapora??o da nanoemuls?o e das nanoc?psulas indicaram que a altera??o na volatilidade do ?leo essencial promovida pelo revestimento f?sico das nanoc?psulas foi muito pequena e a modelagem matem?tica proposta apresentou uma boa representa??o dos dados experimentais. The Piper hispidinervum is a shrub of the family Piperaceae found in great quantity in the valley of the river Acre. The essential oil of this plant demonstrate its amebicidal activity against Acanthamoeba polyphaga, nematicidal activity against Meloidogyne javanica and carrapaticidal activity against Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus larvae. Despite these promising properties, high volatility, low solubility in water and susceptibility to degradation by physical and chemical agents can compromise the biological activity of essential oils, thus promoting the study of new forms of application, encapsulation and controlled release, and protection of its active constituents. The objective of this work is to perform the extraction and fractionation of the volatile extract of Piper hispidinervum and the production of nanoemulsion and nanocapsules with subsequent release study. The extraction step concluded that the effect of the change in operating pressure did not significantly change the yield of the process and the composition of the essential oil. The fractionation of the essential oil resulted in the obtaining of fractions with different compositions of the safrol and terpinolene. The nanoemulsions had good stability and the polycaprolactone nanocapsules obtained satisfactory results in terms of particle size and encapsulation efficiency. The evaporation profiles of the nanoemulsion and nanocapsules indicated that the change in the volatility of the essential oil promoted by the physical coating of the nanocapsules was very small and the proposed mathematical model presented a good representation of the experimental data. Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES