Epidemiological aspects of Human Visceral Leishmaniasis in Brazil and border states and cities in the country, focusing on the state and border city with the highest number of cases

Submitted by Katia Abreu (katia.abreu@unioeste.br) on 2021-08-27T14:20:25Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Lara_Camila_de_Oliveira_2021.pdf: 554709 bytes, checksum: 7b253a548e287770717a568c0e691196 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2021-08-27T14:20:25Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Lara_Camila_de_Oliveira_2021.pdf: 554709 bytes, checksum: 7b253a548e287770717a568c0e691196 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2021-06-22 Human Visceral Leishmaniasis (HVL), transmitted by vectors, with the dog being the main reservoir, has been of great importance for public health and with wide geographical distribution, especially in the border region, where vectors and dogs move freely. Objective: To verify the number of notified cases of HVL in Brazil and in the country's twin states and cities, focusing on the state and in the twin city with the highest number of cases, as well as investigating the clinical, demographic, social and epidemiological aspects in the period investigated. Material and methods: This is a cross sectional, observational, descriptive and retrospective study, with a quantitative approach, developed from secondary HVL data from the period 2010 to 2019. The data were obtained through the public domain website of the Informatics Department of the Unified Health System. The data were presented in Absolute Frequency and Relative Frequency. HVL rates per 100,000 inhabitants were calculated, referring to the state and twin city with the highest number of cases. The data for each variable were analyzed using the Mann-Whitney test, with a significance level of 5%, using the Minitab 18 program. Results: In Brazil, 35,886 cases of HVL were reported in the studied period, of these 2834 cases in international border states, 148 in twin cities. The border state and municipality with the highest number of cases was Mato Grosso do Sul (MS) (1834 cases) and Corumbá (94 cases). In MS there was a greater concentration of the number of cases in the years 2010 to 2013 with a subsequent reduction. The municipality of Corumbá had the highest number of cases in the years 2014 and 2017 to 2019, with 91 being indigenous to the municipality of residence and the average annual detection rate was 8.3 cases/100,000 inhabitants. The disease was more frequent in males, corresponding to 64.0% of patients in the MS and 65.0% in Corumbá (p