Banco de pl??ntulas em ??reas de explora????o florestal de impacto reduzido na Amaz??nia Central

Submitted by Sandrezza Coelho (engftal.sandrezzalima@gmail.com) on 2019-10-11T22:22:49Z No. of bitstreams: 4 DISSERTA????O_SLC20P19.pdf: 1598899 bytes, checksum: 10df25ea0b125b7ab5450d5c1cad1324 (MD5) 2019-10-11_022935.jpg: 294954 bytes, checksum: 728131d3460765da3a9d5a9dc4b95abc (MD5) CartaEncaminhamentoAutodep??sito.pdf: 43792 bytes, checksum: 1b8379ea284ca9b0990b1f2a899ff550 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Approved for entry into archive by PPGCIFA Ci??ncias Florestais e Ambientais (ppgcifa@ufam.edu.br) on 2019-10-15T20:34:54Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 4 DISSERTA????O_SLC20P19.pdf: 1598899 bytes, checksum: 10df25ea0b125b7ab5450d5c1cad1324 (MD5) 2019-10-11_022935.jpg: 294954 bytes, checksum: 728131d3460765da3a9d5a9dc4b95abc (MD5) CartaEncaminhamentoAutodep??sito.pdf: 43792 bytes, checksum: 1b8379ea284ca9b0990b1f2a899ff550 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Approved for entry into archive by Divis??o de Documenta????o/BC Biblioteca Central (ddbc@ufam.edu.br) on 2019-10-16T20:19:26Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 4 DISSERTA????O_SLC20P19.pdf: 1598899 bytes, checksum: 10df25ea0b125b7ab5450d5c1cad1324 (MD5) 2019-10-11_022935.jpg: 294954 bytes, checksum: 728131d3460765da3a9d5a9dc4b95abc (MD5) CartaEncaminhamentoAutodep??sito.pdf: 43792 bytes, checksum: 1b8379ea284ca9b0990b1f2a899ff550 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2019-10-16T20:19:26Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 4 DISSERTA????O_SLC20P19.pdf: 1598899 bytes, checksum: 10df25ea0b125b7ab5450d5c1cad1324 (MD5) 2019-10-11_022935.jpg: 294954 bytes, checksum: 728131d3460765da3a9d5a9dc4b95abc (MD5) CartaEncaminhamentoAutodep??sito.pdf: 43792 bytes, checksum: 1b8379ea284ca9b0990b1f2a899ff550 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2019-09-12 CAPES - Coordena????o de Aperfei??oamento de Pessoal de N??vel Superior 92981541554 The use of forest resources in the Amazon is still a topic that generates a lot of repercussion and concern, since it has a vast and important biodiversity. However, it is also a fact that the use of its assets generates income for society that depends directly or indirectly on these resources. And one of the alternatives for utilizing forest wood resources without causing major impacts on both local flora and fauna is through Sustainable Forest Management, which uses the reduced impact logging system, which aims to minimize impacts on forestry as much as possible. remaining forest. Therefore, this study aims to study how forest exploitation affects seedling bank regeneration in areas that are directly impacted by this activity, as well as verifying the situation of the physical structure of the soil in the locations of large machine movement. and wood logs. The seedling bank has been studied in three different areas, two of which were explored 10 and 20 years ago and one that has not yet been explored. The areas already explored were subdivided into four distinct environments that are directly impacted by logging, which are the logging trails, the clearings formed by the exploration of the pre-selected individuals, the stockyards and the secondary roads. Plots were installed in each environment, where individuals were measured from 50cm high to 10cm DBH (diameter at breast height). In addition to these data, soil samples were obtained for granulometry, density analysis and penetration resistance test. The areas and environments presented significant differences in their seedling bank densities (p???0.05) when compared to each other. The species composition in the 10 and 20 year old areas was mainly by species classified as pioneer and without commercial importance, while the unexplored area is composed by species with commercial importance or good potential. As for the soil, it tends to recover and unpack, however this is a slow process and in environments such as the stockyards it is clear that the elapsed time has not yet been able to reestablish these sites. The results showed that the forest in general has positively to the disturbances caused to them during the logging, that is, the impacts caused did not affect their ability to regenerate. A utiliza????o dos recursos florestais na Amaz??nia ainda ?? um tema que gera muita repercuss??o e preocupa????o, visto que esta ?? detentora de uma vasta e importante biodiversidade. No entanto, ?? fato tamb??m que a utiliza????o de seus bens gera renda para a sociedade que depende direta ou indiretamente desses recursos. E uma das alternativas para utilizar os recursos madeireiros da floresta sem causar grandes impactos tanto na flora como na fauna local ?? atrav??s do Manejo Florestal Sustent??vel, no qual ?? utilizado o sistema de explora????o de impacto reduzido, que visa justamente reduzir ao m??ximo os impactos na floresta remanescente. Por isso, este estudo tem como objetivo estudar de que forma a explora????o florestal afeta a regenera????o do banco de pl??ntulas nas ??reas que sofrem impacto direto desta atividade, al??m de verificar como est?? a situa????o da estrutura f??sica do solo nos locais de grande movimenta????o de m??quinas e toras de madeira. O banco de pl??ntulas foi estudado em tr??s diferentes ??reas, das quais duas foram exploradas a 10 e 20 anos atr??s e uma que ainda n??o foi explorada. As ??reas j?? exploradas foram subdividas em quatro ambientes distintos que sofrem impacto direto da explora????o, que s??o as clareiras formadas pela explora????o dos indiv??duos pr??-selecionados, as trilhas de arraste de toras, estradas secund??rias e os p??tios de estocagem. Em cada ambiente foi instalado parcelas, onde dentro destas foram medidos os indiv??duos que tinham a partir de 50cm de altura e com at?? 10cm de DAP (di??metro a altura do peito). Al??m destes dados, foram obtidas amostras do solo para an??lise da granulometria, densidade e resist??ncia a penetra????o. As ??reas e ambientes apresentaram diferen??as significativas em suas densidades do banco de pl??ntulas (p???0,05) quando comparadas entre si. A composi????o de esp??cies nas ??reas com 10 e 20 anos se deu principalmente por esp??cies classificadas como pioneiras e sem import??ncia comercial, j?? a ??rea n??o explorada ?? composta por esp??cies com import??ncia comercial ou bom potencial. Quanto ao solo, este tende a se recuperar e descompactar, no entanto este ?? um processo lento e em ambientes como os p??tios de estocagem ?? poss??vel ver claramente que o tempo decorrido ainda n??o foi capaz de reestabelecer estes locais. Os resultados mostraram que a floresta de maneira geral tem respondido positivamente aos dist??rbios que lhes foi causado durante a explora????o madeireira, ou seja, os impactos causados n??o afetaram a sua capacidade de se regenerar.