Genomics and metabolomics approaches to identify markers associated with economic traits in pigs

Application of genomics (next generation sequencing and high throughput genotyping) and metabolomics technologies in farm animals are opening new opportunities for the identification of genetic factors affecting traits of economic relevance. In this study we combined several resources and data with the final aim to identify DNA polymorphisms and metabolites associated with production traits in Italian heavy pigs. Two genome wide association studies were carried out using a selective genotyping approach in Italian Large White pigs based on extreme and divergent estimated breeding values (EBVs) for average daily gain (ADG) and back fat thickness (BFT). Next generation sequencing was carried out using the Ion Torrent technology to identify single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) from two reduced representation libraries constructed from pigs with extreme BFT EBVs. Metabolomics information was obtained using a mass spectrometry (MS/MS) analytical pipeline in a performance tested population. Integration of these data made it possible to identify markers (SNPs, copy number variation and metabolites) associated with ADG, BFT and several other correlated traits.