DISEASES OF WINTER WHEAT AND BARLEY IN 2013. ON LUG LOCATION

Pšenica i ječam su najstarije i najraširenije ratarske kulture koje imaju veliku važnost u prehrani ljudi i industrijskoj preradi, kako u svijetu tako i u Hrvatskoj. Cilj rada je bio determinacija uzročnika bolesti pšenice i ječma na lokaciji Lug u vegetacijskoj godini 2013./2013. te ispitivanje zdravstvenog stanja zrna ječma. Prilikom pregleda pšenice i ječma smo zabilježeli pojavu: Septoria tritici, Helminthosporium sp., Puccinia recondita, Fusarium sp. na pšenici, a Pyrenophora teres i Helminthosporium sp.na ječmu. Pregledom zrna ječma utvrđeno je pet rodova gljiva: Aleternaria sp., Cladosporium sp., Fusarium sp., Epicoccum sp., Helminthosporium sp. Kako bismo smanjili pojavu bolesti na pšenici i ječmu trebamo ih uzgajati u plodoredu, prilikom sjetve koristiti zdravo i dezinficirano sjeme, napraviti pravilnu gnojidbu i prema potrebi koristit fungicide u skladu s načelima integrirane proizvodnje.
Wheat and barley are the oldest and most widespread agricultures which are of big importance in human nutrition and industrial processing, how worldwide so and in Croatia. Aim of this study was determination of pathogens of wheat and barley on the location Lug in 2012/2013, and pathogens of barley grains. During the examination of wheat and barley, we recorded occurrence: Septoria tritici, Helminthosporium sp.,Puccinia recondita, Fusarium sp. on wheat and Pyrenophora teres and Helminthosporium sp. on barley. On barley grains five genera of fungi were found: Alternaria sp., Cladosporium sp., Fusarium sp., Epicoccum sp. and Helminthosporium sp. To reduce the occurrence of diseases on wheat and barley they should be grown in a crop rotation, we have to use healthy seed during seeding, need to make a proper fertilization, and also we have to use fungicides properly.