Use of undetectable viral load to improve survey estimates of known HIV-positive status and antiretroviral treatment coverage

Objective: To compare alternative methods of adjusting self-reported knowledge of HIV-positive status and antiretroviral (ARV) therapy use based on undetectable viral load (UVL) and ARV detection in blood. Design: Post hoc analysis of nationally-representative household survey to compare alternative biomarker-based adjustments to population HIV indicators. Methods: We reclassified HIV-positive participants aged 15-64 years in the 2012 Kenya AIDS Indicator Survey (KAIS) that were unaware of their HIV-positive status by self-report as aware and on antiretroviral treatment if either ARVs were detected or viral load was undetectable (