[Magnesium sulphate and severe preeclampsia: its use in current practice]

To evaluate indications, mode of administration and safety of magnesium sulphate in severe preeclampsia.We conducted a retrospective descriptive study from January 2000 to December 2002, including patients with severe preeclampsia which was defined as elevated blood pressureor=140 and/or 90 mmHg with proteinuriaor=0.3g per day, associated with one or more of the following: elevated blood pressureor=170 and/or 110 mmHg, proteinuria3g per day, functional symptoms such as headache, hyperreflexia, oliguria500 ml per day, thrombocytopenia, creatinine level100 micromol/l, HELLP syndrome. We studied a group of 57 women treated by magnesium sulphate (intravenous bolus of 4.5g during 20 minutes followed by a perfusion of 1.5g/h) associated or not with an antihypertensive treatment.Treatment by magnesium sulphate was started antenatally in 53 women or during immediate postpartum in 4, associated (n=25) or not (n=32) with an antihypertensive treatment. Hyperreflexia was the main indication to start magnesium sulphate treatment (75%). About half (47%) of the cases occurred before 33 weeks of gestation No eclampsia occurred in this group. There was one overdosage which regressed when perfusion was stopped. One patient presented minor side effects attributed to magnesium sulphate.Providing a rigorous protocol, indications of magnesium sulfate therapy in severe preeclampsia are well defined. It seems that this treatment could be easily used without severe complications and major side effects.