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Dissociating neural learning signals in human sign- and goal-trackers
- Source :
- Nature human behaviour. 4(2)
- Publication Year :
- 2017
-
Abstract
- Individuals differ in how they learn from experience. In Pavlovian conditioning models, where cues predict reinforcer delivery at a different goal location, some animals-called sign-trackers-come to approach the cue, whereas others, called goal-trackers, approach the goal. In sign-trackers, model-free phasic dopaminergic reward-prediction errors underlie learning, which renders stimuli 'wanted'. Goal-trackers do not rely on dopamine for learning and are thought to use model-based learning. We demonstrate this double dissociation in 129 male humans using eye-tracking, pupillometry and functional magnetic resonance imaging informed by computational models of sign- and goal-tracking. We show that sign-trackers exhibit a neural reward prediction error signal that is not detectable in goal-trackers. Model-free value only guides gaze and pupil dilation in sign-trackers. Goal-trackers instead exhibit a stronger model-based neural state prediction error signal. This model-based construct determines gaze and pupil dilation more in goal-trackers.
- Subjects :
- Adult
Cerebral Cortex
Male
Brain Mapping
Conditioning, Classical
Putamen
Prefrontal Cortex
Pupil
Fixation, Ocular
Amygdala
Anticipation, Psychological
Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Models, Biological
Basal Ganglia
Nucleus Accumbens
Young Adult
Reward
Parietal Lobe
Humans
Eye Movement Measurements
Goals
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 23973374
- Volume :
- 4
- Issue :
- 2
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Nature human behaviour
- Accession number :
- edsair.pmid..........5825f9d1e3e36ff726f859f92895ca9b