Metabolic and morphologic complications of HIV infection

In the era of highly active antiretroviral therapy, long-term complications of HIV infection and antiretroviral therapy deserve heightened attention. Morphologic and metabolic complications seen during the course of HIV infection encompass a variety of entities that may share a common pathophysiologic pathway. This review article will discuss clinical syndromes such as wasting, lipoatrophy/lipohypertrophy, polymetabolic syndrome as well as hyperlipidemia, cardiovascular disease, lactic acidosis, and metabolic bone disease in HIV-infected patients.