[Acute obstructive kidney failure during sulfadiazine treatment]

Acute obstructive kidney failure can occur during sulfadiazine treatment of cerebral toxoplasmosis in immunocompromised patients.Six days after the patient began sulfadiazine treatment for toxoplasmosis, he developed low back pain radiating into the abdomen and kidney failure with obstructive uropathy, followed by anuria. Abdominal computed tomography found bilateral pyelocaliceal distention. Six hours after a hemodialysis session, the pain stopped abruptly and abundant diuresis resumed.During acute renal failure due to sulfadiazine, simply stopping the drug treatment does not suffice. The massive alkalinization induced by hemodialysis, however, is effective.