Internal thoracic artery graft (ITAG): patency and functional status at rest and during dobutamine-stress echocardiography

The patent internal thoracic artery graft (ITAG) usually has a diastolic fraction (DF)50% of the flow. The functional assessment can be evaluated by the coronary reserve index (CRI).The objective was to evaluate the patency and functional status of the ITAG through echocardiography and Doppler.Data from sixty-six patients who underwent dobutamine-stress echocardiography (DSE) were prospectively collected and analyzed. Group I (GI) had 49 ITAG without stenosis, Group II (GII), 10 ITAG with significant stenosis (50% and100%) and Group III (GIII) had 7 ITAG with total occlusion. Diameters and Doppler spectrums from the ITAG at rest and during DSE were evaluated.Considering patency a DF50%, it was observed in 49 ITAG (GI= 40, GII= 8 and GIII= 1) at rest and in 61 ITAG (GI=49, GII=10 and GIII=2) during DSE. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV) and accuracy were respectively, 81%, 86%, 98%, 35% and 82%, and 100%, at rest and 71%, 97%, 100% and 97% in the DSE. The ITAG with DF50% at rest were patent and the ones with DF50% in the DSE presented total occlusion. Considering a CRI1.8 for a good functional status, it was observed in 42 ITAG (39 from GI, 2 from GII and 1 from GIII), determining sensitivity=79%, specificity=85.7%, PPV=94%, NPV=59% and accuracy= 80.9%. The CRI in GI was higher (p= 0.02) than in GII or GIII.In our study, the non-invasive assessment of the ITAG was effective to verify the patency and the functional status.