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Visual Evoked Potentials Used to Evaluate a Commercially Available Superabsorbent Polymer as a Cheap and Efficient Material for Preparation-Free Electrodes for Recording Electrical Potentials of the Human Visual Cortex
- Source :
- Sensors, Volume 19, Issue 22, Sensors, Vol 19, Iss 22, p 4890 (2019), Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
- Publication Year :
- 2019
- Publisher :
- Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute, 2019.
-
Abstract
- The aim of this study was to investigate the use of inexpensive and easy-to-use hydrogel &ldquo<br />marble&rdquo<br />electrodes for the recording of electrical potentials of the human visual cortex using visual evoked potentials (VEPs) as example. Top hat-shaped holders for the marble electrodes were developed with an electrode cap to acquire the signals. In 12 healthy volunteers, we compared the VEPs obtained with conventional gold-cup electrodes to those obtained with marble electrodes. Checkerboards of two check sizes&mdash<br />0.8&deg<br />and 0.25&deg<br />&mdash<br />were presented. Despite the higher impedance of the marble electrodes, the line noise could be completely removed by averaging 64 single traces, and VEPs could be recorded. Linear mixed-effect models using electrode type, stimulus, and recording duration revealed a statistically significant effect of the electrode type on only VEP N75 peak latency (mean &plusmn<br />SEM: 1.0 &plusmn<br />1.2 ms) and amplitude (mean &plusmn<br />SEM: 0.8 &plusmn<br />0.9 &micro<br />V) The mean amplitudes of the delta, theta, alpha, beta, and gamma frequency bands of marble electrodes were statistically significantly different and, on average, 25% higher than those of gold-cup electrodes. However, the mean amplitudes showed a statistically significant strong correlation (Pearson&rsquo<br />s r = 0.8). We therefore demonstrate the potential of the inexpensive and efficient hydrogel electrode to replace conventional gold-cup electrodes for the recording of VEPs and possibly other recordings from the human cortex.
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 14248220
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Sensors
- Accession number :
- edsair.pmid.dedup....303868125f21f041eb8eb917877d2924
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.3390/s19224890