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Osteoarthritis in the Knee Joints of Göttingen Minipigs after Resection of the Anterior Cruciate Ligament? Missing Correlation of MRI, Gene and Protein Expression with Histological Scoring
- Source :
- PLoS ONE, PLoS ONE, Vol 11, Iss 11, p e0165897 (2016)
- Publication Year :
- 2016
- Publisher :
- Public Library of Science, 2016.
-
Abstract
- Introduction The Göttingen Minipig (GM) is used as large animal model in articular cartilage research. The aim of the study was to introduce osteoarthritis (OA) in the GM by resecting the anterior cruciate ligament (ACLR) according to Pond and Nuki, verified by histological and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scoring as well as analysis of gene and protein expression. Materials and Methods The eight included skeletally mature female GM were assessed after ACLR in the left and a sham operation in the right knee, which served as control. 26 weeks after surgery the knee joints were scanned using a 3-Tesla high-field MR tomography unit with a 3 T CP Large Flex Coil. Standard proton-density weighted fat saturated sequences in coronal and sagittal direction with a slice thickness of 3 mm were used. The MRI scans were assessed by two radiologists according to a modified WORMS-score, the X-rays of the knee joints by two evaluators. Osteochondral plugs with a diameter of 4mm were taken for histological examination from either the main loading zone or the macroscopic most degenerated parts of the tibia plateau or condyle respectively. The histological sections were blinded and scored by three experts according to Little et al. Gene expression analysis was performed from surrounding cartilage. Expression of adamts4, adamts5, acan, col1A1, col2, il-1ß, mmp1, mmp3, mmp13, vegf was determined by qRT-PCR. Immunohistochemical staining (IH) of Col I and II was performed. IH was scored using a 4 point grading (0—no staining; 3-intense staining). Results and Discussion Similar signs of OA were evident both in ACLR and sham operated knee joints with the histological scoring result of the ACLR joints with 6.48 ± 5.67 points and the sham joints with 6.86 ± 5.84 points (p = 0.7953) The MRI scoring yielded 0.34 ± 0.89 points for the ACLR and 0.03 ± 0.17 for the sham knee joints. There was no correlation between the histological and MRI scores (r = 0.10021). The gene expression profiles as well as the immunohistochemical findings showed no significant differences between ACLR and sham knee joints. In conclusion, both knee joints showed histological signs of OA after 26 weeks irrespective of whether the ACL was resected or not. As MRI results did not match the histological findings, MRI was obviously unsuitable to diagnose the OA in GM. The analysis of the expression patterns of the 10 genes could not shed light on the question, whether sham operation also induced cartilage erosion or if the degeneration was spontaneous. The modified Pond-Nuki model may be used with reservation in the adult minipig to induce an isolated osteoarthritis.
- Subjects :
- musculoskeletal diseases
Cartilage, Articular
Histology
Knee Joint
Imaging Techniques
Swine
lcsh:Medicine
Gene Expression
Knee Joints
Research and Analysis Methods
Biochemistry
Diagnostic Radiology
Rheumatology
Diagnostic Medicine
Osteoarthritis
Medicine and Health Sciences
Genetics
Animals
Anterior Cruciate Ligament
lcsh:Science
Musculoskeletal System
Tibia
Radiology and Imaging
Arthritis
lcsh:R
Biology and Life Sciences
Proteins
Osteoarthritis, Knee
Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Joints (Anatomy)
Biological Tissue
Cartilage
Connective Tissue
Swine, Miniature
lcsh:Q
Female
Anatomy
Collagens
Magnetic Resonance Angiography
Research Article
Articular Cartilage
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 19326203
- Volume :
- 11
- Issue :
- 11
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- PLoS ONE
- Accession number :
- edsair.pmid.dedup....e89996b6254a4603a450ec73c305734a