The Starspots of HAT-P-11: Evidence for a Solar-like Dynamo

We measure the starspot radii and latitude distribution on the K4 dwarf HAT-P-11 from Kepler short-cadence photometry. We take advantage of starspot occultations by its highly-misaligned planet to compare the spot size and latitude distributions to those of sunspots. We find that the spots of HAT-P-11 are distributed in latitude much like sunspots near solar activity maximum, with mean spot latitude of $16 \pm 1$ degrees. The majority of starspots of HAT-P-11 have physical sizes that closely resemble the sizes of sunspots at solar maximum. We estimate the mean spotted area coverage on HAT-P-11 is $3^{+6}_{-1}\%$, roughly two orders of magnitude greater than the typical solar spotted area.
Comment: 28 pages, 16 figures, accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal (August 7, 2017)