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Searches for neutrinos in the direction of radio-bright blazars with the ANTARES telescope

Authors :
ANTARES Collaboration
Albert, A.
Alves, S.
André, M.
Ardid, M.
Ardid, S.
Aubert, J. J.
Aublin, J
Baret, B.
Basa, S.
Becherini, Y.
Belhorma, B.
Bendahman, M.
Benfenati, F.
Bertin, V.
Biagi, S.
Bissinger, M.
Boumaaza, J.
Bouta, M.
Bouwhuis, M. C.
Brânzaş, H.
Bruijn, R.
Brunner, J.
Busto, J.
Caiffi, B.
Calvo, D.
Campion, S.
Capone, A.
Caramete, L.
Carenini, F.
Carr, J.
Carretero, V.
Celli, S.
Cerisy, L.
Chabab, M.
Moursli, R. Cherkaoui El
Chiarusi, T.
Circella, M.
Coelho, J. A. B.
Coleiro, A.
Coniglione, R.
Coyle, P.
Creusot, A.
Cruz, A. S. M.
Díaz, A. F.
De Martino, B.
Distefano, C.
Di Palma, I.
Domi, A.
Donzaud, C.
Dornic, D.
Drouhin, D.
Eberl, T.
van Eeden, T.
van Eijk, D.
Hedri, S. El
Khayati, N. El
Enzenhöfer, A.
Fermani, P.
Ferrara, G.
Filippini, F.
Fusco, L.
Gagliardini, S.
García, J.
Oliver, C. Gatius
Gay, P.
Geißelbrecht, N.
Glotin, H.
Gozzini, R.
Ruiz, R. Gracia
Graf, K.
Guidi, C.
Haegel, L.
Hallmann, S.
van Haren, H.
Heijboer, A. J.
Hello, Y.
Hernández-Rey, J. J.
Hößl, J.
Hofestädt, J.
Huang, F.
Illuminati, G.
James, C. W.
Jisse-Jung, B.
de Jong, M.
de Jong, P.
Kadler, M.
Kalekin, O.
Katz, U.
Kouchner, A.
Kovalev, Y. A
Kovalev, Y. Y
Kreykenbohm, I.
Kulikovskiy, V.
Lahmann, R.
Lamoureux, M.
Lazo, A.
Lefèvre, D.
Leonora, E.
Levi, G.
Stum, S. Le
Lopez-Coto, D.
Loucatos, S.
Maderer, L.
Manczak, J.
Marcelin, M.
Margiotta, A.
Marinelli, A.
Martínez-Mora, J. A.
Migliozzi, P.
Moussa, A.
Muller, R.
Navas, S.
Nezri, E.
Fearraigh, B. Ó
Oukacha, E.
Păun, A.
Păvălaş, G. E.
Peña-Martínez, S.
Perrin-Terrin, M.
Pestel, V.
Piattelli, P.
Plavin, A.
Poirè, C.
Popa, V.
Pradier, T.
Pushkarev, A.
Randazzo, N.
Real, D.
Reck, S.
Riccobene, G.
Romanov, A.
Sánchez-Losa, A.
Saina, A.
Greus, F. Salesa
Samtleben, D. F. E.
Sanguineti, M.
Sapienza, P.
Schnabel, J.
Schumann, J.
Schüssler, F.
Seneca, J.
Spurio, M.
Stolarczyk, Th.
Taiuti, M.
Tayalati, Y.
Tingay, S. J.
Troitsky, S.
Vallage, B.
Vannoye, G.
Van Elewyck, V.
Viola, S.
Vivolo, D.
Wilms, J.
Zavatarelli, S.
Zegarelli, A.
Zornoza, J. D.
Zúñiga, J.
Collaboration, OVRO
Hovatta, T.
Kiehlmann, S.
Liodakis, I.
Pavlidou, V.
Readhead, A. C. S
Source :
ApJ 964 (2024) 3
Publication Year :
2023

Abstract

Active galaxies, especially blazars, are among the most promising neutrino source candidates. To date, ANTARES searches for these objects considered GeV-TeV $\gamma$-ray bright blazars. Here, a statistically complete radio-bright blazar sample is used as the target for searches of origins of neutrinos collected by the ANTARES neutrino telescope over 13 years of operation. The hypothesis of a neutrino-blazar directional correlation is tested by pair counting and by a complementary likelihood-based approach. The resulting post-trial $p$-value is $3.0\%$ ($2.2\sigma$ in the two-sided convention), possibly indicating a correlation. Additionally, a time-dependent analysis is performed to search for temporal clustering of neutrino candidates as a mean of detecting neutrino flares in blazars. None of the investigated sources alone reaches a significant flare detection level. However, the presence of 18 sources with a pre-trial significance above $3\sigma$ indicates a $p=1.4\%$ ($2.5\sigma$ in the two-sided convention) detection of a time-variable neutrino flux. An \textit{a posteriori} investigation reveals an intriguing temporal coincidence of neutrino, radio, and $\gamma$-ray flares of the J0242+1101 blazar at a $p=0.5\%$ ($2.9\sigma$ in the two-sided convention) level. Altogether, the results presented here suggest a possible connection of neutrino candidates detected by the ANTARES telescope with radio-bright blazars.

Details

Database :
arXiv
Journal :
ApJ 964 (2024) 3
Publication Type :
Report
Accession number :
edsarx.2309.06874
Document Type :
Working Paper
Full Text :
https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ad1f5b