The effect of rumination on analogue-PTSD symptoms : an experimental investigation using the trauma film paradigm

This thesis is presented in three parts. Part one reviews published studies utilising the 'trauma film paradigm'; an experimental analogue method for investigating the effect of pre-, peri-and post-trauma variables on PTSD symptomatology. It reports results from the reviewed trauma "film paradigm studies in relation to intrusive memories and compares these findings with clinical literature and cognitive processing models of PTSD. Part two presents the empirical paper; an investigation of the effect of rumination on analogue-PTSD intrusive memories and mood using the trauma film paradigm. Results indicate that both trauma-and non trauma-related rumination affects intrusions and negative mood. This was the first experimental study to specifically examine the role of rumination in the maintenance of symptoms. Findings support clinical research regarding the effects of rumination in persistent PTSD. The findings are presented in the context of theoretical explanations for the effect of rumination. Strengths and limitations of the study, as well as clinical implications, are discussed. Part three is a critical appraisal of the research study, which draws on the literature review presented in part one, and reflects in more detail on the methodological and conceptual strengths and limitations of the research. It also discusses the development of ideas underlying the study and the implications for future trauma film paradigm studies and clinical treatment.