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Burden, Outcome, and Comorbidities of Extrahepatic Manifestations in Hepatitis C Virus Infection

Authors :
Busara Songtanin
Kenneth Nugent
Source :
Biology, Vol 12, Iss 1, p 23 (2022)
Publication Year :
2022
Publisher :
MDPI AG, 2022.

Abstract

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a significant cause of chronic liver diseases worldwide and is associated with negative consequences, including cirrhosis, hepatic decompensation, hepatocellular carcinoma, and increased risk of mortality. In addition to liver-related morbidities, HCV is also associated with several extrahepatic manifestations, including mixed cryoglobulinemia, diabetes mellitus, cardiocerebrovascular disease, lymphoma, and autoimmune diseases. These non-liver-related complications of HCV increase the complexity of this disease and can contribute to the economic burden, morbidity, quality of life, and mortality throughout the world. Therefore, understanding how this virus can contribute to each extrahepatic manifestation is worth investigating. Currently, the advancement of HCV treatment with the advent of direct-acting anti-viral agents (DAAs) has led to a high cure rate as a result of sustained virologic response and tremendously reduced the burden of extrahepatic complications. However, HCV-associated extrahepatic manifestations remain a relevant concern, and this review aims to give an updated highlight of the prevalence, risk factors, associated burdens, and treatment options for these conditions.

Details

Language :
English
ISSN :
20797737
Volume :
12
Issue :
1
Database :
Directory of Open Access Journals
Journal :
Biology
Publication Type :
Academic Journal
Accession number :
edsdoj.09ad75a00f4564b9a08dff6fc81038
Document Type :
article
Full Text :
https://doi.org/10.3390/biology12010023