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Adherence to the 2018 World Cancer Research Fund/American Institute for Cancer Research Recommendations and Breast Cancer in the SUN Project

Authors :
Rocio Barrios-Rodríguez
Estefanía Toledo
Miguel Angel Martinez-Gonzalez
Inmaculada Aguilera-Buenosvinos
Andrea Romanos-Nanclares
José Juan Jiménez-Moleón
Source :
Nutrients, Vol 12, Iss 7, p 2076 (2020)
Publication Year :
2020
Publisher :
MDPI AG, 2020.

Abstract

A proportion of breast cancer cases are attributable to combined modifiable risk factors. The World Cancer Research Fund/American Institute for Cancer Research (WCRF/AICR) has recently updated the recommendations for cancer prevention and a standard scoring system has been published. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between compliance with the 2018 WCRF/AICR cancer prevention recommendations (Third Expert Report) and the risk of breast cancer in the SUN (“Seguimiento Universidad de Navarra”) prospective cohort. Spanish female university graduates, initially free of breast cancer, were included (n = 10,930). An 8-item score to measure compliance to the recommendations was built: body fat, physical activity, consumption of wholegrains/vegetables/fruit/beans, “fast foods”, red/processed meat consumption, sugar-sweetened drinks consumption, alcohol intake, and breastfeeding. A stratified analysis was conducted according to menopausal status. A non-significant inverse association was observed for overall breast cancer. The inverse association became statistically significant for post-menopausal breast cancer after multivariable adjustment (hazard ratio for > 5 vs. ≤ 3 points = 0.27; 95% CI: 0.08-0.93). The results suggested that the possible inverse association with breast cancer was attributable to the combined effects of the different nutritional and lifestyle components.

Details

Language :
English
ISSN :
20726643
Volume :
12
Issue :
7
Database :
Directory of Open Access Journals
Journal :
Nutrients
Publication Type :
Academic Journal
Accession number :
edsdoj.0dd2e4b5a7e241909cdc15a8248eb26a
Document Type :
article
Full Text :
https://doi.org/10.3390/nu12072076