Effect of heat treatment temperature on ground pumice activation in geopolymer composites

In emerging countries, the driving elements for sustainable development are greenhouse and global warming concerns and the need for the development of low-CO2 cements as replacement for Portland cement. Pumice is an aluminosilicate-type material that can be condensed with NaOH and Na2SiO3 solution and can be used for green building with reduction in CO2 footprint. The present paper highlights the effect of curing temperature on Hasankale pumice activation. Four curing temperatures have been investigated in this paper, 25°C, 45°C, 65°C, and 85°C, and 65°C has been confirmed as the best temperature for ground pumice activation. Furthermore, the aging effect has been studied at different curing temperatures. The aging of the samples before 28 days has a remarkable effect on compressive strength gain, but after 28 days this effect is inconsiderable for all heat treatment temperatures.