Associations between plasma metal levels and mild renal impairment in the general population of Southern China

Background: Metal exposure were assumed to be closely related with declined renal function, but the conclusions were controversial. We employed diverse statistical models and assessed the association between metal mixture exposure and mild renal impairment. Methods: A total of 13 plasma metals were measured in 896 general population from Southern China. Subjects with estimated glomerular filtration rate within 60–89 ml/min/1.73 m2 and urinary albumin-creatinine ratio