Synthesis, characterization and antimicrobial evaluation of schiff base derived from sulfonamides and vanillin

Background and objective: Sulfonamides are a type of antibiotic that are used to treat several infections caused by microorganisms. Sulfonamides are bacteriostatic, meaning they prevent bacterial growth. This study aimed to produce compounds with better antimicrobial activity. Methods: By condensation reaction, Schiff bases were synthesized from sulfonamides (sulfamethoxazole, sulfapyridine, sulfathiazole, sulfadiazine and sulfisoxazole) and vanillin to enhance antimicrobial activity of synthesized compounds. The agar dilution method was used to measuring the minimum inhibition concentration (MIC) of synthesized compounds. Results: The synthesized compounds were characterized by FT-IR, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR and tested for the antibacterial activity against gram positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus), gram negative bacteria (Escherichia coli) and antifungal activity against (Candida albicans). Ciprofloxacin and Fluconazole used as standard drugs for bacteria and fungi. Conclusion: The Schiff base was synthesized, characterized, and exhibited enhanced antimicrobial and antifungal activities.