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A Population of Radio-Resistant Macrophages in the Deep Myenteric Plexus Contributes to Postoperative Ileus Via Toll-Like Receptor 3 Signaling

Authors :
Jana Enderes
Shilpashree Mallesh
Reiner Schneider
Kristof J. Hupa
Mariola Lysson
Bianca Schneiker
Kristian Händler
Balthasar Schlotmann
Patrick Günther
Joachim L. Schultze
Jörg C. Kalff
Sven Wehner
Source :
Frontiers in Immunology, Vol 11 (2021)
Publication Year :
2021
Publisher :
Frontiers Media S.A., 2021.

Abstract

Postoperative ileus (POI) is triggered by an innate immune response in the muscularis externa (ME) and is accompanied by bacterial translocation. Bacteria can trigger an innate immune response via toll-like receptor (TLR) activation, but the latter’s contribution to POI has been disproved for several TLRs, including TLR2 and TLR4. Herein we investigated the role of double-stranded RNA detection via TLR3 and TIR-domain-containing adapter-inducing interferon-β (TRIF) signaling pathway in POI. POI was induced by small bowel intestinal manipulation in wt, TRIF-/-, TLR3-/-, type I interferon receptor-/- and interferon-β reporter mice, all on C57BL/6 background, and POI severity was quantified by gene expression analysis, gastrointestinal transit and leukocyte extravasation into the ME. TRIF/TLR3 deficiency reduced postoperative ME inflammation and prevented POI. With bone marrow transplantation, RNA-sequencing, flow cytometry and immunohistochemistry we revealed a distinct TLR3-expressing radio-resistant MHCIIhiCX3CR1- IBA-1+ resident macrophage population within the deep myenteric plexus. TLR3 deficiency in these cells, but not in MHCIIhiCX3CR1+ macrophages, reduced cytokine expression in POI. While this might not be an exclusive macrophage-privileged pathway, the TLR3/TRIF axis contributes to proinflammatory cytokine production in MHCIIhiCX3CR1- IBA-1+ macrophages during POI. Deficiency in TLR3/TRIF protects mice from POI. These data suggest that TLR3 antagonism may prevent POI in humans.

Details

Language :
English
ISSN :
16643224
Volume :
11
Database :
Directory of Open Access Journals
Journal :
Frontiers in Immunology
Publication Type :
Academic Journal
Accession number :
edsdoj.16861bc43b0d4b22bc59428d160e91a8
Document Type :
article
Full Text :
https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2020.581111