Features of the passage of main phenological phases of common cherry cultivars in the conditions of the Orel region

This article presents the results of studying the features of main phenological phases passage by varieties, selected and elite seedlings of common cherry in the conditions of the Orel region. The research was carried out on the basis of stone crops plantings of the Russian Research Institute of Fruit Crop Selection in 2018–2020. The purpose of the research was to study the peculiarities of phenological phases passage by common cherry cultivars from the VNIISPK gene pool. During the studies it was found that Turgenevka, Businka and Kapelka varieties are early-ripening, in conditions of the Orel region, and forms 84847, 84595 and 84854, Putinka, Umanskaya Skorospelka are late-ripening. The duration of cherry cultivars vegetation season was determined at the level of 175–194 days. The sum of active temperatures during the vegetation season of cherry cultivation was 2592.4–2650.9 oC. The variance analysis allowed to determine a certain influence degree of the year conditions on vegetation season duration and sum of active temperatures necessary for the varieties to pass the phenological phases successfully.