Coping with Caregiving Stress in Families of Children with Congenital Heart Disease: A Qualitative Study

Background: The families of children with congenital heart disease experience significant stress as to the care of the child and need to cope with stress. Accordingly, understanding of how families cope and use coping strategies is more important to help them better cope with stressful situations caused by caregiving. This study aimed to explore coping strategies used by families in the face of caregiving stress. Methods: This qualitative study was conducted on 40 eligible participants from the families of children with congenital heart disease. They were recruited through a purposive sampling method from those referred to hospitals in Mashhad, Iran. In-depth and semi-structured interviews were used for data collection from November 2017 to December 2018. The data were analyzed using conventional content analysis, and MAXQDA software (Ver.2010) was used to manage the data encoding process. Results: According to the results, effort to maintain well-being emerged as the main theme which included five categories: “spirituality in caregiving”, “acceptance and adjustment”, “optimism and hopefulness”, “self-control and patience”, and “ management of psychological needs”. Conclusion: Families used various coping strategies including spirituality, acceptance, optimism, patience, and management of psychological needs based on their beliefs, attitudes, abilities, and available resources for coping with caregiving stress. The results can help the nurses and health care professionals to develop appropriate educational, supportive, and psychological interventions based on the family’s needs to cope effectively with caregiving stress.