Apolipoprotein E Gene ϵ4 Allele is Associated with Atherosclerosis in Multiple Vascular Beds

Youni Lin, Min Yang, Qifeng Liu, Yufu Cai, Zhouhua Zhang, Chongfei Xu, Ming Luo Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Meizhou People’s Hospital, Meizhou, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Youni Lin, Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Meizhou People’s Hospital, Meizhou, People’s Republic of China, Email linyn2024@126.comBackground: Atherosclerosis is a systemic disease that can involve multiple vascular beds. The risk factors for atherosclerosis in multiple vascular beds remain unclear. Apolipoprotein E (APOE) is involved in inflammation and lipid deposition in the process of atherosclerosis. The objective of this study was to investigate whether APOE polymorphisms are associated with atherosclerosis in multiple vascular beds.Methods: A total of 416 patients with atherosclerosis in single vascular bed and 658 patients with atherosclerosis in multiple vascular beds were included. APOE genotypes were detected and the differences of APOE genotypes between the groups were compared. Logistic regression analysis was performed to analyze the relationship between APOE genotypes and atherosclerosis in multiple vascular beds.Results: APOE E3/E4 genotype frequency was lower in the patients with atherosclerosis in multiple vascular beds than that of patients with atherosclerosis in single vascular bed (11.4% vs 17.8%, P=0.004). There was no significant difference in age and gender distribution, proportion of history of smoking, alcohol consumption, hypertension, and diabetes mellitus between the two groups (all P> 0.05), and among patients with different APOE alleles (all P> 0.05). Logistic regression analysis indicated that APOE E3/E4 genotype (E3/E4 vs E3/E3: odds ratio (OR) 0.598, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.419– 0.854, P=0.005), and APOE ϵ4 allele (ϵ4 vs ϵ3: OR 0.630, 95% CI: 0.444– 0.895, P=0.010) associated with atherosclerosis in multiple vascular beds.Conclusion: APOE ϵ4 allele is associated with atherosclerosis in multiple vascular beds.Keywords: APOE, polymorphism, atherosclerosis, multiple vascular beds